A government-owned enterprise in India is called a Public Sector Undertaking (PSU) or a Public Sector Enterprise. These companies are wholly or partly owned by the Government of India or one of the many state or territorial governments or both together in parts. The officers working in these entities and their subsidiaries are gazetted officers. 

The company stock is majority-owned by the government in a PSU. PSUs are classified as Central public sector undertakings (CPSUs, CPSEs) which are wholly or partly owned by Government of India or State Level public sector undertakings (SLPSUs, SLPSEs) which are wholly or partly owned by state or territorial governments. In 1951, there were just 5 enterprises in the public sector in India, but in March 2019 this had increased to 348. 

These enterprises represented a total investment of about ₹16.41 lakh crore as on 31 March 2019. The total paid up capital as on 31 March 2019 stood at about ₹2.76 lakh crore. CPSEs have been earned revenue of about ₹25.43 lakh crore during the financial year 2018–19.

Maharatna CPSEs

• National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC)

• Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC)

• Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL)

• Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL)

• Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL)

• Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL)

• Coal India Limited (CIL)

• Gas Authority of India Limited (GAIL)

• Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL)

• Power Grid Corporation of India (POWERGRID)

Navratna CPSEs

• Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL)

• Container Corporation of India (CONCOR)

• Engineers India Limited (EIL)

• Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)

• Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL)

• National Aluminium Company (NALCO)

• National Buildings Construction Corporation (NBCC)

• National Mineral Development Corporation (NMDC)

• NLC India Limited (NLCIL)

• Oil India Limited (OIL)

• Power Finance Corporation (PFC)

• Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited (RINL)

• Rural Electrification Corporation (REC)

• Shipping Corporation of India (SCI)

Miniratna Category-I CPSEs

• Airports Authority of India (AAI)

• Antrix Corporation

• Balmer Lawrie (BL)

• Bharat Coking Coal Limited (BCCL)

• Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL)

• Bharat Earth Movers Limited (BEML)

• Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL)

• Bridge and Roof

• Central Warehousing Corporation

• Central Coalfields Limited

• Chennai Petroleum Corporation (CPCL)

• Cochin Shipyard (CSL)

• Cotton Corporation of India Limited (CCIL)

• Dredging Corporation of India (DCI)

• EdCIL (India) Limited (EdCIL)

• Kamarajar Port

• Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE)

• Goa Shipyard (GSL)

• Hindustan Copper (HCL)

• HLL Lifecare

• Housing and Urban Development Corporation

• HSCC

• India Tourism Development Corporation (ITDC)

• India Trade Promotion Organisation (ITPO)

• Indian Rare Earths (IREL)

• Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC)

• Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency

• Indian Immunologicals Limited

• Ircon International

• Kudremukh Iron Ore Company

• Mazagon Dock Limited

• Mahanadi Coalfields (MCL)

• MOIL

• Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals Limited (MRPL)

• Mishra Dhatu Nigam

• MMTC Ltd.

• MSTC Limited

• National Fertilizers (NFL)

• National Small Industries Corporation Limited

• National Seeds Corporation (NSC)

• NHPC Limited

• Northern Coalfields (NCL)

• North Eastern Electric Power Corporation Limited (NEEPCL)

• Numaligarh Refinery

• ONGC Videsh

• Pawan Hans

• Projects and Development India Limited (PDIL)

• RailTel Corporation of India

• Rail Vikas Nigam Limited

• Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilizers (RCF)

• RITES

• Ramagundam Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd.

• SJVN Ltd.

• Security Printing and Minting Corporation of India

• South Eastern Coalfields (SECL)

• State Trading Corporation of India

• Telecommunications Consultants India (TCIL)

• THDC India Limited

• Western Coalfields (WCL)

• Water and Power Consultancy Services

• Mineral Exploration Corporation Limited

• Solar Energy Corporation of India Ltd (SECI)

Miniratna Category-II CPSEs

• Artificial Limbs Manufacturing Corporation of India

• Broadcast Engineering Consultants India

• Central Mine Planning and Design Institute

• Central Railside Warehouse Company

• Engineering Projects (India) Ltd. (EPI)

• FCI Aravali Gypsum and Minerals (India) Limited

• Ferro Scrap Nigam Limited

• Indian Medicines & Pharmaceuticals Corporation Limited

• ITI Limited

• MECON

• National Film Development Corporation of India (NFDC)

• PEC Ltd.

• Rajasthan Electronics & Instruments Limited

CPSEs in Financial Services

• State Bank of India

• Bank of Baroda

• Union Bank of India

• Punjab National Bank

• Canara Bank

• Punjab & Sind Bank

• Indian Bank

• Bank of Maharashtra

• Bank of India

• Central Bank of India

• Indian Overseas Bank

• UCO Bank